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Short biographies of the article authors for Raven, volume 29.
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This paper considers the impact of flag redesign efforts in Iraq following the collapse of Saddam Hussein’s government in 2003. During this period of political and social upheaval, occupying Western powers attempted many modifications to Iraqi governance under the aegis of the Coalition Provisional Authority. Primarily aimed at removing the vestiges of Saddam Hussein’s government, the project of de-Ba’thification attempted to change Iraq into a modern democracy replete with a national flag that symbolized this transformation. A forward-looking design created by the eminent architect Rifat Chadirji was soundly rejected, and Iraq instead approved a modest redesign of the Iraqi flag synonymous with Saddam Hussein and the Ba’th Party.
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American Sāmoa, a territory of the United States, officially flies the Stars and Stripes of the U.S. as well as its own territorial flag, which features an American bald eagle along with some uniquely Sāmoan symbols and a red, white, and blue color scheme. More recently, an additional, unofficial flag has been flown in the Manu‘a archipelago—a district of American Sāmoa—that features a chicken, which has a deeply historical, regional, and symbolic significance, and that employs a red, green, and yellow color scheme reflective of other Manu‘a-specific material culture. This article charts the author’s experiences living and working in American Sāmoa and his efforts to understand the history and cultural significance of the territory’s many flags, as well as the ways in which these flags are interpreted and contested between and within islands and districts. Analysis of these flags is an opportunity for further discussions of colonialism and indigenous symbolism.
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Flag-related scholarship takes place in many disciplines and is published in many places, beyond those sponsored by NAVA or other members of the International Federation of Vexillological Associations (FIAV). Periodically* Raven provides a bibliography of these works to call attention to the breadth and depth of vexillology (by this or any other name). Although numerous on-line collections have been consulted, this list is certainly not comprehensive. Nevertheless, hopefully it gives a sense of the many aspects of flags, their effects and uses, and how much more there is to be known.
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In the early 20th century, the Society of the War of 1812 in Maryland gave to the state of Maryland a 13-star, 13-stripe national flag reputed to have been carried in 1781 at the Battle of Cowpens, in the American War for Independence. Other stories circulated about this same flag having later been carried in 1814 at the defense of Baltimore, Maryland, during the War of 1812. Both claims have been called into question by textile experts and historians, who dated the flag only to the mid-19th century. This article provides a meticulous study of previously unexplored documentary evidence, a close tracing of the flag’s provenance, and a reexamination of the flag’s materials and design, in order to reconsider previous conclusions about this “Cowpens Flag”. Presenting a methodological, historiographical, and material culture review of the artifact and of previous studies of the flag, it concludes that the flag in fact dates to the War of 1812. The stories of the flag being at the defense of Baltimore are true: specifically, Ensign Joshua Bachelor of the 27th Regiment of the Maryland Militia carried the flag at the Battle of North Point, Maryland. The “Cowpens Flag” misnomer should thus be replaced with “the Batchelor-North Point Flag”.
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- Journal Article (5)
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- American Revolutionary War (1)
- American Samoa (1)
- American Sāmoa (1)
- American Sāmoa Flag Day (1)
- American War for Independence (1)
- Arab flags (1)
- articles (1)
- Ba’th Party (1)
- Ba’thi stars (1)
- Batchelor-North Point Flag (1)
- Battle of Cowpens (1)
- Battle of North Point (1)
- bibliographies (1)
- bibliography (1)
- book chapters (1)
- chickens on flags (1)
- civil religion (1)
- civil religious ceremonies (1)
- Cowpens flag (1)
- de-Ba’thification (1)
- dissertations (1)
- eagles on flags (1)
- flag analysis (2)
- flag books (1)
- flag ceremonies (1)
- flag literature (1)
- flag publications (1)
- flag redesign efforts (1)
- flags (1)
- Garrett Hillyer (1)
- historical analysis (1)
- historiographical reviews (1)
- Iraq (1)
- Iraq Coalition Provisional Authority (1)
- Iraq War (1)
- Iraqi flag proposals (1)
- Iraqi vexillography (1)
- Islamic takbir (1)
- John T. Andrews (1)
- Joshua Batchelor (1)
- Manu‘a archipelago (1)
- Manu‘a Flag Day (1)
- proposed flags (1)
- R. J. Rockefeller (1)
- Rifat Chadirji’s Unity Flag (1)
- Saddam Hussein (1)
- Sāmoan symbols (1)
- Scott D. Mainwaring (1)
- semiotics of Iraqi vexillography (1)
- territorial flags (1)
- theses (1)
- thesis (1)
- vexillological research (1)
- vexillology (1)
- William Batchelor (1)