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随着全球化的推进，各国间的文化交流变得日 益频繁。旗帜符号作为一种象征，承载着丰富 的历史和文化内涵，它们能够跨越语言和文化 的障碍，传达出深刻的历史和文化内涵。为了 更好地传播旗帜文化，文章深刻阐述旗帜吉祥 物的设计理念与文化脉络，同时从实际案例的 角度出发探索旗帜吉祥物应用创新与理论创 新。旗帜吉祥物作为文化交流的使者，它有望 推动全球旗帜应用的创新与发展，也有望为国 际关系的和谐与民心相通贡献力量。 《中华人民共和国旗帜吉祥物》是以北京天安 门广场升起仪式为意象，以天安门城楼标语： “中华人民共和国万岁·世界人民大团结万岁” 为创作语境；以“祝福祖国 热爱国旗”为主 题；以五星红旗、太阳、光芒、星球等元素创 作的拟动物手法塑造了吉祥物。是世界人民大 团结旗帜吉祥物之一。 With the advancement of globalization, cultural exchanges between countries have become increasingly frequent. As a symbol, the flag symbol carries rich historical and cultural connotations, which can transcend language and cultural barriers and convey profound historical and cultural connotations. In order to better spread flag culture, this paper profoundly expounds the design concept and cultural context of the flag mascot, and at the same time explores the application innovation and theoretical innovation of the flag mascot from the perspective of practical cases. As the messenger of cultural exchange, the flag mascot is expected to promote the innovation and development of global flag application, and also to contribute to the harmony of international relations and the connection between people. The proposed “Flag Mascot of the People’s Republic of China” is based on the image of the flag-raising ceremony in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, and the slogan on the Tiananmen Gate: “Long Live the People’s Republic of China, Long Live the Great Unity of the People of the World” is used as the creation context; with “Bless the Motherland, Love the National Flag” as the theme; the mascot is created in an anthropomorphic way with elements such as the five-star red flag, the sun, light, and planets. It is one of the flag mascots of the great unity of the people of the world.

习近平旗帜思想，是习近平中国特色社会主义 思想的重要内涵和生动实践。是习近平强军思 想、习近平外交思想、习近平法治思想、习近 平文化思想在党旗党建、爱国主义、国旗法 规、旗帜礼仪、升旗仪式、军事旗帜、旗帜文 化、国际交往等方面的有机统一和形象展现。 习近平旗帜思想形成于爱国升旗的日常工作 中，升华于北京奥运会颁奖升旗，风行于世界 旗帜学大会，展现在亲自为军种和警察授旗， 振奋在天安门阅兵旗帜方队，壮大在天安门广 场升旗改革，体现在对升旗手的关爱，规范了 全国学校升旗仪式，引领了国旗文化传播弘 扬，推动了国旗法修正，实现升旗仪式港澳台 全覆盖，让党旗在基层一线高高飘扬，是“两 个确立”的旗帜解读，是“两个维护”的旗帜 执行指南，为各级领导干部学习实践提供了全 方位的指向引领。 Xi Jinping’s thinking on flags is an organic unity and vivid manifestation of his ideas on strengthening the military, diplomacy, rule of law, and culture, as reflected in patriotism, national flag regulations, flag etiquette, flag-raising ceremonies, military flags, flag culture, and international exchanges. Xi Jinping’s thinking on flags was first formed through the routine work of patriotic flag-raising, elevated during the flag-raising at the Beijing Olympics award ceremonies, popularized at International Congress of Vexillology, and displayed when he personally presented flags to military branches and the police. It was invigorated during Tiananmen Square military parade flag formations, expanded during the reforms of the Tiananmen Square flag-raising ceremony, and is evident in his care for flag-bearers. It has standardized the flag-raising ceremonies in schools across the country, led the promotion of national flag culture, driven the amendment of the National Flag Law, extended the flag-raising ceremonies to Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, and provided comprehensive guidance for leaders at all levels to learn and practice.

旗帜者，崇拜信仰，政治主张，人心凝聚，前 进指向也。自古开国君王，兴举义兵之始，无 不建旗树纛，昭告天下，聚合民心，扫除弊 政，得以改天换地，治国安邦。而开国立基者 亲手升起国旗，翻看几千年中华史册，唯有中 国人民解放军、中国共产党、中华人民共和国 的主要缔造者和领导人毛泽东主席。 A flag represents adoration, political advocacy, unity of hearts, and direction for progress. Since ancient times, when founding emperors began to raise righteous armies, they invariably adopted flags and ban- ners to proclaim to the world, rally the people’s support, and eliminate maladministration—thus changing the world and governing the country securely. Among the founders of nations and dynasties throughout thousands of years of Chinese history, it was only Chairman Mao Zedong, the main founder and leader of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, the Communist Party of China, and the People’s Republic of China, who personally raised the national flag.

《中华旗帜文明起源初探》，是2013年我首次 参加25届鹿特丹世界旗帜学大会的演讲。经过 十多年的不断研究，又有许多新发现和新成 果。在2024第30届北京世界旗帜学大会上，做 进一步的论述。 中国是世界上已知最早使用旗帜的国家，史料 记载和出土文物均有准确记载。周朝建立后， 《周礼》对国旗、藩旗、军旗的等级、样式和 使用等进行了规范，确立了世界上最早的旗帜 礼仪和法律，标志着世界旗帜文化的起源。 三千多年来，中国礼仪文化和旗帜文化的蓬勃 发展，都与《周礼》息息相关。 中国旗帜文化也对世界各国的旗帜文化产生了 深远的影响。 In 2013, I delivered a presentation titled “A Preliminary Exploration of the Origins of Chinese Flag Culture” at the 25th International Congress of Vexillology in Rotterdam. After over a decade of continued research, new discoveries and findings have emerged, which I will further elaborate on here. China is the earliest country in the world known to use flags, with historical records and unearthed artifacts providing accurate evidence. After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the Rites of Zhou for- malized regulations regarding the ranks, designs, and usage of national flags, vassal flags, and military flags, establishing the world’s earliest flag protocol and laws, marking the origin of global flag culture. For over 3,000 years, the flourishing development of Chinese ceremonial and flag culture has adhered to the Rites of Zhou. Chinese flag culture has also exerted a profound influence on flags worldwide.

中国国旗升挂方式，与许多国家手捧折叠不 同。是把国旗平整扎在国旗挂杆上，由旗手把 挂杆和国旗一起固定在旗绳上，再用电动或手 动方式升起。 由于没有明确的国家标准和技术要求，导致市 场上销售的国旗，很多不适用于升旗仪式。升 旗仪式前，旗手需要把国旗套一端剪开，穿过 挂旗杆后，再用胶带等固定才能升旗。这些行 为，造成对国旗的人为破损。 赵新风在常年升降国旗、培训升旗手过程中， 发现这一问题根本是国旗悬挂方式不规范。经 多年研究，多次定制样旗，不断改进，终于在 2021年研制出“升旗仪式专用国旗”。 2022年元旦，赵新风把第一面升旗仪式专用国 旗，赠送给开山岛民兵哨所，并由名誉所长王 仕花和守岛民兵一起在开山岛升起。2022年国 庆节，台湾人民共产党主席林德旺在台南举行 升起五星红旗仪式，升旗仪式专用国旗第一次 升起在台湾上空。 The way the Chinese national flag is raised is different from that of many other countries, where the flag is often carried and folded by hand. In China, the national flag is first neatly tied onto a flagmast (a form of batten the height of the hoist), after which the flag bearer attaches the flagmast and the flag together to the flag halyard. The flag is then raised using either a motorized or manual mechanism. Due to the lack of clear national standards and technical requirements, many national flags sold on the market are not suitable for flag-raising ceremonies. Before the ceremony, flag raisers have to cut open the upper end of the flagpole sleeve in order to insert the flagmast and affix the flag with tape or threads to hoist the flag. These practices often damage the flag. Through years of raising and lowering the national flag and training flag-raisers, Zhao Xinfeng identified the root cause of this issue: the lack of specific standards in flag manufacturing. After years of research, numerous custom prototypes, and continuous improvements, he finally developed the “National Flag Customized for Flag-Raising Ceremonies” in 2021. On New Year’s Day, 2022, Zhao Xinfeng presented the first customized national flag for flag-raising ceremonies to the militia post of Kaishan Island, where it was raised by Honorary Director Wang Shihua and the militia guarding the island. On the National Day in 2022, a flag-raising ceremony was held in Tainan by Lin Dewang, the chairman of Taiwan People’s Communist Party, in which the customized flag was raised for the first time over Chinese Taiwan.

新中国第一面国旗仅用了三天就缝制完成。作 者的父亲当年是一名 28 岁的中共党员和公司供 销科职员，他监制了一面特殊的国旗。这面国 旗用难得一见的黄蚕丝制作，1949 年 10 月 1 日 开国大典上，毛主席在天安门广场首次升起。 这面五星红旗高 3.4 米，长 4.6 米，现陈列在中 国国家博物馆。 The first national flag of new China was completed in just three days. The author’s father, a 28-year-old Communist party member and factory foreman, supervised its creation, organizing the craftsmen and procuring the hard-to-find yellow mulberry silk needed for the stars. The flag first flew on October 1, 1949, raised in Tiananmen Square by signal of Chairman Mao. The red flag with five yellow stars, 3.4 meters high and 4.6 meters long, is now on display at the National Museum in Beijing.

我的发言是从国博馆藏和《古代中国》、《复 兴之路》陈列展出的的30余件旗帜文物溯源中 国旗帜的起源和发展，证明：中国是世界上最 早使用旗帜的国家之 。 坐落在北京天安门广场东侧的中国国家博物馆 （以下简称国博）占地7万平方米，建筑面积近 20万平方米，是世界上单体建筑面积最大的博 物馆。其藏品有143万余件，涵盖历史文物、艺 术品等多种门类。其中旗帜文物约2000件，包 括国旗、军旗、单位行业旗、奖旗等，以及描 绘记载旗帜的文物。 This article traces the origin and development of Chinese flags through the collection of over 30 flag cultural relics in the National Museum of China and through the exhibition “Ancient China and the Road to Rejuvenation”, proving that China is one of the earliest countries in the world to use flags. The National Museum of China, located on the east side of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, covers an area of 70,000 square meters and has a building area of nearly 200,000 square meters, making it the largest museum in the world in terms of individual building area. Its collection consists of over 1.43 million items, covering various categories such as historical relics and artworks. Among them are about 2,000 material cultural relics relating to flags, including national flags, military flags, unit industry flags, and award flags, as well as cultural relics depicting and recording flags.

虽然近代中国的国旗历史可以追溯到清朝末 年，但其国旗法首次通过是在1990年。此后， 中国国旗法经过两次修订，最近一次是在2020 年，其规定比其他制定国旗法的国家更为有 力。该法共24条，涵盖了五星红旗的意义、五 星红旗的大小、悬挂方式、防止五星红旗被不 尊重和被商业使用以及升旗的规则，明确了法 律的监督机构，并阐明了其在宣传和教育中的 作用。与其他一些国家不同，该法具有普遍 性、约束力，并带有强制执行条款。 While China’s national flag history goes back to the late Qing Dynasty, its national flag law was first adopted in 1990. Amended twice since, most recently in 2020, its provisions are more forceful than those in many other countries with flag laws. Its 24 articles cover the significance of the five-star red flag, its sizes, its display, its protection from disrespect and commercial use, and protocols for raising it, specifying the supervisory authority for the law and clarifying its role in publicity and education. Unlike in some other countries, the law is universal, binding, and carries enforcement provisions.

新中国成立后，我国没有专职从事国旗教育的 部门和机构。常态化的兼职国旗宣讲工作，起 源于天安门国旗班，天安门广场是我国最早的 国旗宣教基地。2001年9月，北京新风旗帜文化 传播中心创办，开创我国专业的国旗教育和升 旗培训事业。 自1983年天安门国旗班开始宣讲国旗，到1991 年天安门国旗护卫队成立，在改革开放的大时 代里，中国国旗教育和升旗培训事业，在四十 多年中，从无到有，从战士兼职到专业化、机 构化；从国家和部委的法规制度条文，落实到 基层学校的教育实践；从党政军群主办组织展 览，到团中央主办学校升旗手交流展示；从开 创发展、规范普及到国际化、学术化，经历了 几个历史时期。 由于篇幅所限，本文按国旗教育项目和活动时 间先后顺序，选用笔者亲历亲为、具有引领 性、代表性的案例，兼顾地域性，供国旗教育 工作者在日常教学和研究中借鉴参考。 After the founding of People’s Republic of China, there was no dedicated department or institution responsible for flag education. Routine flag lectures began with the Tiananmen Flag Guard, with Tianan men Square being the earliest national flag education base. In September, 2001, the Beijing Xinfeng Flag Culture Communication Center was established, pioneering professional national flag education and flag-raising training. From the Tiananmen Flag Guard class lectures in 1983 to the establishment of the Tiananmen Flag Guard in 1991, national flag education and flag-raising training in China have developed over more than 40 years, evolving from part-time soldier duties to professional and institutional practices. This evolution included implementing national and ministerial regulations in grassroots schools, organizing exhibitions by various governmental and non-governmental entities, and promoting school flag-raising exchanges and exhibitions. The development process went through several historical stages, from inception and development to standardization, popularization, inter- nationalization, and academicization. Due to space limitations, this article only presents the chronological development of flag education projects and activities through the author’s personal experiences of leading them and through representative cases, considering regional diversity for reference in routine teaching and research by workers in flag education.

国旗是一个国家的象征，也是一个民族的精神 图腾。开展国旗教育交流对话，对于增进国际 理解、促进文明交流互鉴具有不可估量的价 值。 那么，在互联网时代，如何充分利用现代虚拟 技术拓宽国旗教育 的渠道和提高教育实效性 呢？ The national flag is the symbol of a country and the spiritual totem of a nation. Carrying out national flag education exchanges and dialogues is of immeasurable value in enhancing international understanding and promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. So, in the internet era, how can we fully utilize modern virtual technology to expand the channels of national flag education and improve its effectiveness?

中国少年先锋队红领巾教育是中华人民共 和国国旗教育的组成部分。 “中国少年先锋队”(简称少先队)，是6—14岁 中国少年儿童组成的群众组织，全国共有少先 队员11480.7万名，是世界上最大的少年儿童组 织。 少先队组织文化同样是透过系列的象征元 素，使少先队员认同少先队的价值取向，并深 植在思维之中。 Red Scarf education of the Chinese Young Pioneers is an integral part of flag education in the People’s Republic of China. The Young Pioneers of China (referred to as the Young Pioneers) is a mass organization composed of children aged 6 to 14 in China. There are 115 million Young Pioneers nationwide, making it the largest youth organization in the world. Cultural aspects within the Young Pioneers organization aim to instill values and beliefs through a series of symbolic elements that resonate with its members.

1989年建校的广州市黄埔区怡园小学，办学历 史与许多百年老校相比是年轻的，但在改革开 放前沿诞生和成长的怡园小学，却是全国小学 国旗教育的排头兵和示范校。 Founded in 1989, Yiyuan Primary School, located in Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, is relatively new compared to many century-old institutions. However, situated at the forefront of reform and opening up, Yiyuan Primary School has emerged as a pioneering institution and a model for national flag education in elementary schools across China.

海南自由贸易港建设，给国旗教育带来新的机 遇。旗帜是世界共通的语言，是世界文明交流 互鉴的载体。我们愿意与北京新风旗帜中心一 道，和世界各国旗帜学家密切联系，为推动中 国青少年学习旗帜文化，促进世界各国青少年 旗帜文化交流交往，做出新的积极贡献。 The construction of the Hainan Free Trade Port presents new opportunities to national flag education. As flags are a universal language and a carrier of global cultural exchange, we are eager to work closely with the Vexillological Research Center of China and flag scholars from around the world, contributing positively to the promotion of flag culture among Chinese youth and the exchange of flag culture among youth worldwide.