博普塔茨瓦纳的旗帜与象征 (1972 –1994) / The Flags and Symbols of Bophuthatswana (1972–1994)

1977 年 12 月 6 日，博普塔茨瓦纳成为南非十个 所谓的“家园”（或班图斯坦）中第二个接受 “独立”的地区。根据当时南非的种族隔离政 策，家园是专门为特定种族的人设立的地区。 博普塔茨瓦纳是南非茨瓦纳语族的专属领土。 尽管没有得到国际认可，博普塔茨瓦纳实际上 是一个拥有自己旗帜、国徽、国歌以及其他主 权象征的政治实体。本文聚焦于1977年至1994 年间，博普塔茨瓦纳政府在其名义上的独立国 家存在期间使用的旗帜和其他主权象征。 在南非首次全民普选后，种族隔离政策正式结 束，博普塔茨瓦纳作为一个独立的政治实体停 止存在，并在1994年4月27日重新并入南非。 On 6 December 1977 Bophuthatswana became the second of South Africa’s ten so-called Homelands (or Bantustans) to accept independence’. In terms of South Africa’s policy of apartheid then in force, the Homelands were areas set aside for people of a specific ethnicity. Bophuthatswana was the territory reserved for the Tswana-speaking people of South Africa. Despite not being internationally recognised, Bophuthatswana was a de facto political entity with its own flag, coat of arms, anthem, and other symbolic trappings of sovereignty. This paper focuses on the flags and other symbols of sovereignty used by the Government of Bophuthatswana during its existence as a nominally independent state between 1977 and 1994. Following South Africa’s first universal adult suffrage elections which formally ended apartheid, Bophuthatswana ceased to exist as a separate political entity and was re-incorporated into South Africa on 27 April 1994.

[IVI.CID] 70d7799b-57c7-4e99-9d5e-f5423e9426a3